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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Stokes radius ： ウィキペディア英語版 Stokes radius The Stokes radius or Stokes-Einstein radius of a solute is the radius of a hard sphere that diffuses at the same rate as that solute. Named after George Gabriel Stokes, it is closely related to solute mobility, factoring in not only size but also solvent effects. A smaller ion with stronger hydration, for example, may have a greater Stokes radius than a larger but weaker ion. Stokes radius is sometimes used synonymously with effective hydrated radius in solution. Hydrodynamic radius, ''R''''H'', can refer to the Stokes radius of a polymer or other macromolecule. ==Spherical case== According to Stokes’ law, a perfect sphere traveling through a viscous liquid feels a drag force proportional to the frictional coefficient $f$: $F\_=fs=(6\; \backslash pi\; \backslash eta\; a)s$ where $\backslash eta$ is the liquid's viscosity, $s$ is the sphere's drift speed, and $a$ is its radius. Because ionic mobility $\backslash mu$ is directly proportional to drift speed, it is inversely proportional to the frictional coefficient: $\backslash mu\; =\; \backslash frac$ where $ze$ represents ionic charge in integer multiples of electron charges. In 1905, Albert Einstein found the diffusion coefficient $D$ of an ion to be proportional to its mobility: $D\; =\; \backslash frac\; =\; \backslash frac$ where $k\_B$ is the Boltzmann constant and $q$ is electrical charge. This is known as the Einstein relation. Substituting in the frictional coefficient of a perfect sphere from Stokes’ law yields $D\; =\; \backslash frac$ which can be rearranged to solve for $a$, the radius: $R\_H\; =\; a\; =\; \backslash frac$ In non-spherical systems, the frictional coefficient is determined by the size and shape of the species under consideration. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Stokes radius」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.